May 2, 2011 · In this review, the molecular pathways that regulate IFN-γ versus IL-10 expression in Th1 cells are examined, with focus on the role of complement regulator and T cell co-stimulatory molecule CD46, and also discussed are challenges and controversies in the field.

The primary cells that secrete type II IFN are CD4 + T helper 1 (Th1) cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and CD8 + cytotoxic T cells. It can also be secreted by antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells , macrophages , and B cells to a lesser degree.

Th1 cells are primarily defined by their ability to secrete IFN‐γ, IL‐2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐β, and are clinically associated with an ability to orchestrate cell‐mediated immune responses and organ‐specific autoimmunity ( 102).

Th1 cells produce IL-2, IFN-γ and tumour necrosis factor-beta (TNF-β), and promote both macrophage activation resulting in DTH, and production of complement-fixing and -opsonizing antibodies.

Jun 15, 2002 · As IFN-γ has been reported to be capable of inducing Th1 differentiation in the absence of IL-12, we extended our studies to examine the role of IFN-γ in the regulation of IL-18Rα/IL-12Rβ2 expression and function on Th1 cells primed in the absence of IL-12.

Jan 1, 1997 · Th1 cells secrete interleukin (IL)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)β, and interferon (IFN)γ are the principal effectors of cell-mediated immunity against intracellular microbes and of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.

Aug 15, 1996 · With optimal TCR stimulation and costimulation, endogenous IFN-gamma, without IL-12, was sufficient to elicit Th1 cells via an autocrine mechanism, whereas with suboptimal stimulation, exogenous rIFN-gamma or rIL-12 was required for Th1 development.

IFN-gamma produced by CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) cells promotes protection against intracellular pathogens. Antigen activation of Th1 cells is an important mode of IFN-gamma induction, but here we analyze a second, antigen-nonspecific pathway capable …

During the commitment phase of naive CD4+ T cells, IL-4 inhibits Th1 cell differentiation and induces a reversion of developing Th1 cells to the Th2 lineage. In contrast, for effector Th1 cells IL-4 does not affect the developmental process, but only the transcription of the IFN-gamma gene.

Jan 1, 2001 · In this study, Th1 cells were generated from naive CD4 + T cells stimulated through the β 2 AR during the first 48 h of T cell activation, a time during which a number of cellular and molecular events occur to allow naive CD4 + T cells to become competent to …