Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger phenomenon or lineas phenomenon, named after Hartog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO 3−) and chloride (Cl −) …

Catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase, carbon dioxide (CO 2) reacts with water (H 2 O) to form carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3), which in turn rapidly dissociates to form a bicarbonate ion (HCO −. 3) so that any excess acid or base introduced to the system is neutralized.

Measuring bicarbonate as part of an electrolyte or metabolic panel may help diagnose an electrolyte imbalance or acidosis or alkalosis. Acidosis and alkalosis describe the abnormal conditions that result from an imbalance in the pH of the blood caused by …

Here we review studies of the identities and physiological functions of Cl - /HCO 3- exchangers and Na + /HCO 3- cotransporters of the SLC4A and SLC26A families in heart. We also present RNA Seq analysis of their cardiac mRNA expression levels.

We have characterized the nature of anion-binding sites facing the extracellular medium by acid-base titration of the transport function and modification of the transport protein in situ with group-specific amino acid reagents.

Sep 10, 2017 · Loss of bicarbonate ions from RBC causes positive charge inside RBC which is balanced by diffusion of chloride (Cl-) ion from plasma into the RBC. This exchange of Cl- ion and HCO3- ion between plasma and RBC is known as chloride shift.

Inside RBCs, carbonic anhydrase (CA) provides fast hydration of metabolic CO2 and ensures that the Bohr shift occurs during capillary transit. The formed H+ is bound to Hb (Haldane effect) while HCO3- is shifted to plasma via the anion exchanger (AE1). The magnitude of the oxylabile H+ binding shows characteristic differences among vertebrates.

The Cl-HCO3 exchanger (CBE) is the most prominent transport system of red blood cells (RBC). This system has been widely explored in terms of its physiological role (Cabantchik et al., 1978; Knauf, 1979; Gunn, 1979; Jennings, 1985; Frohlich and Gunn, 1986; Passow,...

In order to clarify the interaction between CO2 diffusion and HCO3- shift in the red blood cell (RBC), HCO3- shift was measured by using a stopped flow method combined with fluorometry. When HCO3- entered the RBC, the intracellular PCO2 increased, causing a …

Nov 9, 2024 · Carbon dioxide (CO2) is transformed into hydrogen carbonate ions (HCO3-) in red blood cells through a series of enzymatic reactions facilitated by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. This transformation is crucial for effective gas transport and maintaining acid-base balance in the body. Here’s a detailed explanation of the process and its significance.