Jan 10, 2018 · Neuronal cell groups residing within the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) and C1 area of the rostral ventrolateral medulla oblongata contribute to the maintenance of resting respiratory activity and...

Jan 10, 2018 · In rats, acute silencing of neurons within the parafacial region which includes the RTN and the rostral aspect of the C1 circuit (pF RTN/C1), transduced to express HM 4 D (G i -coupled) receptors, was found to dramatically reduce exercise capacity (by 60%), determined by an intensity controlled treadmill running test.

In this paper we review advances in the understanding of the pFRG and its role in the generation of active expiration across different developmental stages and vigilance states.

Jan 21, 2015 · Using recently developed neuronal hyperpolarizing technologies, we functionally dissect the parafacial region in the medulla, which contains key elements of the central pattern generator for breathing that are important in central CO2 …

Mar 25, 2021 · Activation of the parabrachial nucleus (PB) in the brainstem induced wakefulness in rats, suggesting which is an important nucleus that controls arousal. However, the sub-regions of PB in regulating sleep-wake cycle is still unclear.

Feb 26, 2018 · We demonstrate that hyperactivity of excitatory neurons results in an intrinsic refractory period for preBötC bursting, while inhibitory neurons integrated within the active network limit...

Aug 9, 2024 · Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common condition in which narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the arms or legs. This condition also may be called peripheral arterial disease. In PAD, the legs or arms — usually the legs — …

Set roughly 50 years in the future, with new technology that has changed society in subtle ways, a gamer is delivered a connection to an alternate reality as well as a dark future of her own. The series had its world premiere on October 11, 2022, at the Ace Hotel in Los Angeles, before its debut on October 21, 2022, on Amazon Prime Video.

Something that is peripheral is not as important as something else: 2. happening at the edge of…. Learn more.

Anything peripheral is on the margin, or outside, while main things, like a computer's processor, are not peripheral. Outside of computer jargon, peripheral is a common term in eye exams, which measure peripheral vision to see how far toward the outer right and left edges you can see.