9. Classes — Python 3.13.3 documentation
3 days ago · Classes provide a means of bundling data and functionality together. Creating a new class creates a new type of object, allowing new instances of that type to be made. Each class instance can have attributes attached to it for maintaining its state. Class instances can also have methods (defined by its class) for modifying its state.
types — Dynamic type creation and names for built-in types
3 days ago · This module defines utility functions to assist in dynamic creation of new types. It also defines names for some object types that are used by the standard Python interpreter, but not exposed as builtins like int or str are. Finally, it provides some additional type-related utility classes and functions that are not fundamental enough to be ...
What’s New In Python 3.6
Customization of class creation has been simplified with the new protocol. The class attribute definition order is now preserved. The order of elements in **kwargs now corresponds to the order in which keyword arguments were passed to the function. DTrace and SystemTap probing support has been added.
What’s New In Python 3.7 — Python 3.13.3 documentation
dataclasses: PEP 557 – Data Classes. importlib.resources. New built-in features: PEP 553, the new breakpoint() function. Python data model improvements: PEP 562, customization of access to module attributes. PEP 560, core support for typing module and generic types.
What’s New In Python 3.9
Editor, Łukasz Langa,. This article explains the new features in Python 3.9, compared to 3.8. Python 3.9 was released on October 5, 2020. For full details, see the changelog. Summary – Release high...
dataclasses — Data Classes — Python 3.13.3 documentation
3 days ago · Creates a new dataclass with name cls_name, fields as defined in fields, base classes as given in bases, and initialized with a namespace as given in namespace. fields is an iterable whose elements are each either name , (name, type) , or (name, type, Field) .
Iterator Objects — Python 3.13.3 documentation
5 days ago · Type object for iterator objects returned by PyCallIter_New() and the two-argument form of the iter() built-in function. int PyCallIter_Check ( PyObject * op ) ¶ Return true if the type of op is PyCallIter_Type .
unittest.mock — getting started — Python 3.13.3 documentation
3 days ago · A common use case is to mock out classes instantiated by your code under test. When you patch a class, then that class is replaced with a mock. Instances are created by calling the class. This means you access the “mock instance” by looking at …
logging — Fonctionnalités de journalisation pour Python — …
Sep 3, 2021 · Return either the standard Logger class, or the last class passed to setLoggerClass(). This function may be called from within a new class definition, to ensure that installing a customized Logger class will not undo customizations already …
datetime — Basic date and time types — Python 3.13.3 …
Only one concrete tzinfo class, the timezone class, is supplied by the datetime module. The timezone class can represent simple time zones with fixed offsets from UTC, such as UTC itself or North American EST and EDT time zones.