Jun 7, 2011 · In this review, we describe these differences with respect to initiation of XCI in human and mouse preimplantation embryos, the extra-embryonic tissues and the in vitro model of the epiblast: the embryonic stem cells.

In this chapter we describe methods we have used to identify genes subject to XCI and genes that escape XCI in mouse. XCI is random in most somatic tissues—i.e., either the paternal or the maternal allele is inactivated in each cell of early mammalian embryos [11].

Jul 7, 2016 · X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) involves major reorganization of the X chromosome as it becomes silent and heterochromatic. During female mammalian development, XCI is triggered by upregulation of the non-coding Xist RNA from one of the two X chromosomes.

Mouse ESCs are readily available and constitute a suitable model for investigating XCI since they reflect the cell state of the pre-implantation embryo (XaXa). Human ESCs are derived from in vitro fertilized oocytes that were cultured in the blastocyst stage [48, 49, 50].

Sep 10, 2024 · Here, using a low-input Hi-C (sisHi-C) method 41, we systematically examined the 3D chromosome structure of the X chromosome in mouse from one-cell embryos to E9.5 extraembryonic cells and E13.5...

While murine stem cells can recapitulate XCI regulation in vivo, XCI in human ESCs and iPSCs appears in multiple states: (a) a naïve pre-XCI state as seen in mouse ESCs and iPSCs; (b) the presence of full XCI; or (c) partial XCI due to epigenetic influences.

In the mouse, there are two forms of X chromosome inactivation (XCI), random XCI in the fetus and imprinted paternal XCI, which is limited to the extraembryonic tissues.

Mar 6, 2019 · During peri-implantation development in mice, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) status changes dynamically. Here, we examined the expression of Xist and its antisense partner, Tsix, via...

Dec 1, 2003 · There are two forms of X chromosome inactivation (XCI) in the laboratory mouse, random XCI in the fetus and imprinted paternal XCI limited to the extraembryonic tissues supporting the fetal life in utero.

Jan 10, 2022 · In the mouse, which is the best studied eutherian mammal in terms of embryogenesis, XCI occurs in two waves during development, both of which require the non-coding transcript Xist, which is...