Feb 12, 2025 · Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) represents a group of inflammatory demyelinating disorders united by the presence of IgG antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG).

Jul 10, 2024 · FLAIR-hyperintense lesions in anti-MOG associated encephalitis with seizures (FLAMES) is a clinicoradiographic sub-entity of MOGAD comprising seizures and FLAIR-hyperintensities on MRI, particularly involving the cerebral cortex 1,2.

Anti-MOG associated encephalomyelitis falls under the umbrella of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) which is the target of rapidly developing research. Despite a predominance of anti-MOG encephalomyelitis in children and young adults 1, this case demonstrates occurrence in an older individual, which caused a diagnostic dilemma.

Mar 29, 2025 · MRI. MRI is the modality of choice for NMOSD and the orbits, brain and spinal cord should be imaged in suspected cases. Orbits. Targeted imaging of the orbits (including fat-saturated T1 C+ (Gd) and T2 weighted sequences (see MRI protocol: orbit) may demonstrate typical features of optic neuritis:

Sep 4, 2024 · The H sign is a radiological sign appreciated on MRI spine that is classically described in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD).

Dec 13, 2024 · In approximately half of all confirmed cases, anti-MOG (myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein) immunoglobulin G antibodies can be identified (see MOGAD) 12,15. The pathological hallmark is perivenular inflammation with limited ‘‘sleeves of demyelination", which is also a feature of multiple sclerosis.

Jun 14, 2024 · MRI is the modality of choice for visualizing the optic nerve. Functional MRI or multifocal visual evoked potentials have also been shown to allow early diagnosis 1. MRI. Typically findings are most easily identified in the retrobulbar intra-orbital segment of the optic nerve, which appears swollen, with a high T2 signal.

Jun 14, 2024 · The H sign is a radiological sign appreciated on MRI spine that is classically described in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). The sign describes the involvement of spinal cord grey matter as seen on axial T2 sequences in patients with myelit...

Jun 5, 2024 · MRI. In the vast majority of cases, MRI is essentially normal. In up to 40% of patients with migraine 13 there may be non-specific T2 hyperintensities in the white matter of the centrum semiovale, not dissimilar to small vessel deep white matter ischemic change.

Mar 29, 2025 · MRI is the most useful imaging modality, which generally shows a long segment (3-4 segments or more) of T2 increased signal occupying greater than two-thirds of the cross-sectional area of the cord, with variable pattern of enhancement and no diffusion restriction.