karst, terrain usually characterized by barren, rocky ground, caves, sinkholes, underground rivers, and the absence of surface streams and lakes. It results from the excavating effects of underground water on massive soluble limestone.

Karst is most strongly developed in dense carbonate rock, such as limestone, that is thinly bedded and highly fractured. Karst is not typically well developed in chalk, because chalk is highly porous rather than dense, so the flow of groundwater is not concentrated along fractures.

cone karst — A variety of kegel karst topography, common in the tropics (e.g., Puerto Rico, Pacific Basin Islands) characterized by steep sided, cone shaped residual hills and ridges separated by star shaped depressions, broader valleys, or lagoons. These… …

Jan 1, 2008 · Fengcong and fenglin are the two major types of karst terrain as defined in Chinese literature. They correlate only loosely with the Western terms of cone and tower karst respectively.

Karst is a term used to describe the distinctive surface landscapes of cave country, shaped by dissolution of soluble bedrocks such as limestone, dolomite, or gypsum. The surface character of karst results from both surface dissolution of exposed bedrock and dissolution beneath the surface as caves are formed.

Feb 18, 2025 · Karst covers about 2,000,000 square kilometres in China, but most renowned is the tower karst of Kweichow, Kwangsi, Yunnan, and Hunan provinces. The Chinese tower karst is developed on folded and faulted rocks unlike most other regions of cone and tower karst, which occur on thick horizontal strata.

Apr 5, 2019 · Cone karst is cone-shaped karst hills, steep slopes and surrounded by a depression which is usually referred to as a star. Cone karst often referred to as kegel karst.

Cone karst or “tit hills” on Bohol Island (Visayan), Philippines, latitude 9° 50′ N, longitude 124° 15′ E. In Puerto Rico, the Pepino hills are notably asymmetric, much more so than would be explained by the gentle dips. They range from 10–100 meters in height.

Cone karst (Kegelkarst) landscapes represent some of the most spectacular and complex terrain developed on carbonate rocks, particularly in the humid tropics.

Karst landscapes develop from a combination of high rock solubility and well-developed secondary permeability and are particularly associated with carbonate rocks such as limestones, marbles and dolomites. Not all limestones have well developed karst.