light to dark brown irregular galls at the roots, up to over half a cm in size, filled with a light brown agglutinated mass of spores; ; spores 11-20 x 12-20 µm. host plants Juncaceae, narrowly monophagous

Livia maculipennis - A tuft, leafy, integral gall found on the flower.

Livia juncorum is a small (2.5 mm) brown jumping plant louse that causes galls to form on certain Juncus rush species. The shoots become shortened and thickened and bunch into a mass up to 8 cm long including the flowers whose parts become …

Entorrhiza is a small fungal genus comprising 14 species that all cause galls on roots of Cyperaceae and Juncaceae. Although this genus was established 130 years ago, crucial questions on the phylogenetic relationships and biology of …

“A Psyllid Gall on Juncus (Livia Maculipennis Fitch).” Psyche: A Journal of Entomology, vol. 23, no. 1, 1 Jan. 1916, pp. 21–22, 10.1155/1916/98527. Connected Species: Pending...

We observed galls on Juncus... ... A study in Portugal suggests that L. junci vectors a phytoplasma that induces the witches-broom disease on Juncus fontanesii (Juncaceae), previously indicated...

The tree is susceptible to insect damage and is attacked by leaf eaters, termites, root grubs, sapsuckers, gall formers, stem borers, pod borers and fruit borers.

My wife was doing a botany survey for NJCF when she found this Juncus(?) Someone on iNaturalist said it was a Livia gall? Can the plant be IDed? Juncus canadensis? Cladium mariscoides?

on Juncus gall the interior of the culm is, over a length of up to 15 cm, modified into a blackish brown, powdery-granular mass of spore balls that are released when the, often spiralled, culm ruptures lengthwise.

gall black lump, or powdery mass in or on the flowers, sometimes also elsewhere on the plant. The mass is composed of spore balls, consisting of 30-40, firmly agglutinated spores.