HLA-DR4 (DR4) is an HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*04 gene products. The DR4 serogroup is large and has a number of moderate frequency alleles spread over large regions of the world.

Inherited susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with the DRB1 genes encoding the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR4 and HLA-DR1 molecules. Transgenic mice expressing these major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules ...

HLA-DR is an αβ heterodimer, cell surface receptor, each subunit of which contains two extracellular domains, a membrane-spanning domain and a cytoplasmic tail. Both α and β chains are anchored in the membrane.

The etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are influenced by environmental and genetic risk factors. Shared epitope-coding HLA-DRB1 alleles increase RA risk and severity; however, the underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. ...

Jun 23, 2021 · HLA-DR is a class of cell-surface receptors encoded for by the HLA system. HLA-DR molecules are upregulated in response to infection. HLA-DR4 is an HLA-DR serotype. In other words, HLA-DR4 cells are variations of HLA-DR immune cells. Mutations in HLA genes have been associated with autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Jul 18, 2013 · Among the most relevant and studied genetic factors for ADs are genes located in the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) and, in particular, loci from Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I and class II. An extensive list of ADs has been associated with different variants of the HLA genes, particularly, class II genes (2).

HLA-DR4, in the context of Neuroscience, refers to a specific haplotype identified by three SNPs that is associated with an increased risk of type 1 diabetes. You might find these chapters and articles relevant to this topic. A.G. Ziegler, ... E. Bonifacio. Genetic testing will be performed by a two-step process.

Individuals expressing HLA-DR4 bearing the shared susceptibility epitope (SE) have an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Posttranslational modification of self-proteins via citrullination leads to the formation of neoantigens that can be …

Inheritance of some subgroups of HLA-DR4 gene increases the propensity to RA disease. In this paper, the impact of HLA-DR4 gene and its subtypes or subgroups, be consistence on RA patient who lived in Isfahan province, has been evaluated.

HLA-DR4 subtype frequencies in rheumatoid arthritis indicate that DRB1 is the major susceptibility locus within the HLA class II region. Susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may be due to the presence of shared functional epitopes common to the HLA-DR beta chains of several RA-associated haplotypes.