Feb 20, 2024 · There are four stages to epiretinal membranes (ERMs). ERMs may gradually worsen as they progress through the stages, with the fourth stage presenting a greater …

Oct 17, 2024 · What are the stages of epiretinal membrane? Doctors often use Govetto’s staging system to divide epiretinal membrane into stages 1 to 4 based on the results of a type of …

Mar 1, 2017 · Stage 1 ERMs are thin, with a foveal depres­sion, and have readily distinguishable retinal layers. Stage 2 membranes lack a foveal depression and exhibit retinal distortion, with …

Jul 21, 2021 · As mentioned already a recent OCT-based staging scheme classifies ERM into four stages with distinct morphologic characteristics. The keystone of the proposed scheme is the …

Stages of ERM showed on optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. I – ERMs are mild and thin. Foveal depression is present. II – ERMs with a widening of the outer nuclear layer and …

Cases presented here illustrate the usefulness of a staging classification for ERMs in determining when to perform surgery.

Stage 1 was defined as the presence of a mild ERM with negligible morphologic or anatomic disruption, with all retinal layers and foveal depression clearly identifiable; stage 2 was defined …

ERMs were divided into 4 stages. Stage 1 (43 out of 194 eyes, 22.1%) ERMs were mild and thin and a foveal depression was present. Stage 2 (88 out of 194 eyes, 45.4%) ERMs were …

Epiretinal membrane (ERM), a contractile avascular fibrocellular membrane proliferating on the inner limiting membrane (ILM) at the macular area, is primarily idiopathic and age-related [1] [2]...

Mar 1, 2025 · All patients with ERM require a comprehensive clinical work up with integration of the following considerations. Although most ERMs are asymptomatic, typical symptoms …