Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), the first widely adopted optogenetic tool, is also a blue light activated cation channel. ChR2 is preferred over ChR1 because ChR2 has higher conductance at …

Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) has become an indispensable tool in neuroscience, allowing precise induction of action potentials with short light pulses. A limiting factor for many …

As the founding member of the optogenetic field, channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) derived from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has transformed the neuroscience field by enabling …

Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) are light-activated channels from algae that provide these organisms with fast sensors to visible light for phototaxis. Since its discovery, Channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2) …

Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants that are …

Sep 4, 2021 · In the present study optogenetics was used to stimulate astrocytes with the aim to modulate neuronal activity. To achieve this goal, light stimulation was applied to astrocytes …

Apr 12, 2021 · Optogenetic tools such as channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) enable the manipulation and mapping of neural circuits. However, ChR2 variants selectively transported down a …

There are two versions of the ChR2 sequence, one containing the wildtype sequence and another containing condons optimized for mammalian expression (hChR2). In-frame fusions to …

Sep 8, 2014 · Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) is a microbial-type rhodopsin that can be genetically expressed to depolarize neurons with light. Thereby, this “optogenetic tool” delivers cellular …

This all-optical method of identification, activation, and detection of ChR2-induced cellular activation in genetically targeted cells with high spatial and temporal resolution will provide a …