The Ay kingdom, whose ancient rulers could, at that time, be considered among the several "political chiefs", functioned as a buffer state between the powerful Pandyas/Cholas and the Cheras (Kerala) during the medieval period.

Ay was the penultimate pharaoh of ancient Egypt 's 18th Dynasty. He held the throne of Egypt for a brief four-year period in the late 14th century BC. Prior to his rule, he was a close advisor to two, and perhaps three, other pharaohs of the dynasty.

The Ayutthaya Kingdom [i] or the Empire of Ayutthaya [18] was a Thai [ii] –Siamese kingdom that existed in Southeast Asia from 1351 [14] [20] [21] to 1767, centered around the city of Ayutthaya, in Siam, or present-day Thailand.

Apr 1, 2021 · From the ancient kingdom of Ay, to the four post-Chera kingdoms, here are seven of the most important kingdoms that ruled over Kerala. Ay kingdom is the oldest known kingdom in Southern Kerala. Their capital was at Keezhperoor. They claim to have descended from the Yadavas. Their territory extended from the Pamba river to Kanyakumari.

The famous Brahmin salai at Kantalur, somewhere near present-day Trivandrum, was located in the Ay kingdom. The salai was sacked by Chola emperor Rajaraja I (985–1014 AD) in c. 988 AD. Historians assume that the Ay were a leading power in the region till c. 10th century AD.

Ays were a prominent political power in the region, from the time the Cheras established themselves as a major power. Greek geographer Claudius Ptolemy (2nd century AD) described the Ay kingdom as extending from the River Baris (Pamba) to Kanyakumari. The former south Travancore (Nanjanad) was also included in the Ay kingdom.

It was a marine town seaport and the capital of Ay kings who ruled the southern part of Kerala from 2 th century to11 th century AD. It was the most significant and well equipped in southern Travancore.

Ay dynasty (transliteration: Āy, IPA: [aːj]), also known as Kupaka in medieval period, was an Indian dynasty which controlled the south-western tip of the peninsula, from the early historic period up to the medieval period.

This article explores the historical lineage and socio-political dynamics of the 'Naadans' of Ayyapuram, tracing their origins, migration patterns, and settlement in the context of local governance and colonial influence.

The Mushika kingdom existed in northern Kerala, while the Ay kingdom ruled south of the Chera kingdom. After the fall of the second Chera dynasty, a lot of independent feudal small kingdoms rose up. The kingdoms of Venad, Kolathunadu, Calicut and Cochin dominated them politically, financially and also in terms of military strength.