Xanthine dehydrogenase, also known as XDH, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the XDH gene. [5][6] Xanthine dehydrogenase belongs to the group of molybdenum -containing …

XOD utilizes hypoxanthine or xanthine as a substrate and O2 as a cofactor to produce superoxide (·O2 (-)) and uric acid. XDH acts on these same substrates but utilizes NAD as a cofactor to …

Xanthine dehydrogenase (EC 1.17.1.4, XDH) is a typical and complex molybdenum-containing flavoprotein which has been extensively studied for over 110 years. This enzyme catalyzes the …

This study has shown for the first time that a naturally occurring non-synonymous mutation of human XDH, His1221Arg leads to an altered XDH/XO proportion and an increased oxidase …

The largest domain contains the substrate pocket for XDH, XO and nitrite reductase activity of XOR, while the NADH oxidase activity takes place in the FAD domain. XOR shows low …

Jan 1, 2012 · In XDH, the reduction of NAD + occurs through the hq form of the flavin in a two electron (hydride) transfer process. To facilitate the formation of NADH, it is necessary to …

Jul 8, 2003 · Here we identify a unique cluster of amino acids that plays a dual role by forming the core of a relay system for the XDH/XO transition and by gating a solvent channel leading …

Sep 22, 2014 · To determine if NADH inhibits not only • O 2 – generation but also the conversion of xanthine to urate, we examined the effects of NADH on xanthine-O 2 activity of XDH and …

Feb 14, 2025 · In its reduced state, XDH catalyzes the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and subsequently to uric acid, producing NADH in the process. In its oxidized state, XO …

Physiologically, XO and XDH participate in many biochemical reactions, with the primary role being degradation of purines and the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to …