Vitamin D is metabolized first to 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), then to the hormonal form 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH) 2 D). CYP2R1 is the most important 25-hydroxylase; CYP27B1 is the key 1-hydroxylase.

Government and scientific societies have published their recommendations for vitamin D intake which vary from 400–1000 IU/d (10–25 μg/d) for an average adult. It was not possible to establish a range of serum 25 (OH)D concentrations associated …

Clinical reports corroborating vitamin D deficiency with an increase in thrombotic episodes implicate the role of vitamin D and its associated molecule in the regulation of thrombosis-related pathways. Thrombosis is the formation and propagation of a blood clot, known as thrombus.

Dec 17, 2015 · Vitamin D deficiency may increase CVD risk by activating an inflammatory cascade, which results in endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness, both of which contribute to high BP and are risk markers for CVD . A small RCT reported that vitamin D supplementation improved arterial stiffness .

Modulation of CYP24A1 by citamin D metabolites or other compounds, such as PXR, may generate a high expression and vitamin D deficiency, as detected in various tumor tissues [modified after...

Vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol) is largely human-made and added to foods, whereas vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) is synthesized in the skin of humans from 7-dehydrocholesterol and is also consumed in the diet via the intake of animal-based foods.

Mar 3, 2022 · Vitamin D is not a single compound, but refers to a group of over 50 metabolites, which are derived from cholesterol via a complex cascade of enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions [19]. Chemically, they are secosteroids that are characterized by a broken bond in one of the steroid rings.

Feb 11, 2021 · Vitamin D is essential for maintenance of bone mineralization through the regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Vitamin D also exhibits many non-skeletal effects, particularly on the immune, endocrine, and cardiovascular systems. (More information) Vitamin D is important for normal bone development and maintenance.

Feb 23, 2012 · Researchers have discovered specific molecular and signaling events by which vitamin D inhibits inflammation. Low levels of vitamin D failed to inhibit the inflammatory cascade, while levels...

This review discusses the role of vitamin D as regulator of immune system, and our understanding of how vitamin D regulates both adaptive and innate immunity as well as inflammatory cascade on the cellular level.