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  1. Copilot Answer
    History

    The GAO says VIPR was prompted by the 2004 Madrid train bombings. The program started up in December 2005. The program was first created to work in a "non-aviation environment". Bad initial planning caused "strained re… See more

    Purpose

    Different sources provide different statements of purpose for the VIPR teams. Here are a few definitions given by various sources, most of them government officials:
    Augmentation
    • "Augment … See more

    Components

    Personnel may include the following:
    Federal air marshals (including covert, plainclothes)
    • Surface Transportation Security Inspectors
    Transportation Security Officers (Screeners)… See more

    Budget

    FY2009: $30 million, 10 VIPR teams
    FY2010: increase of $50 million, for 15 surface transport VIPR teams
    FY2012: $109 million
    • 10 aviation teams
    • 15 surface transport teams… See more

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