Kiwam (Qiwam) is a partially fermented tobacco product consumed with Betal Quid (Paan). The major constituents of this product are tobacco, saffron (Zaffrani) and some additives. It contains Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines (TSNA) which is considered as a cancer-causing agent.

Sep 28, 2018 · Evidences suggest that it causes potentially malignant disorders (PMD), oral cancer (OC) and decreases sperm count. Qiwam was mentioned in earlier research publications, however details are not known. It is produced for self-consumption as …

Qiwam is available as a thick paste prepared from tobacco leaf extract, flavouring spices and additives such as musk. It is placed in the mouth and chewed. Three varieties of qiwam (Q1-Q3) were analyzed in the present study.

Dec 24, 2021 · The Qiwam products demonstrated the dominance of Chelativorans, Proteus, Capnocytophaga, Microvirga, Methylobacterium, Turicibacter, Parvibaculum, and Simkania genera.

Dec 24, 2021 · Elevated moisture-holding products like Moist-snuff and Qiwam harbor rich bacterial species diversity and showed similar bacteriome composition.

Jan 10, 2025 · Many people are currently using these unregulated qiwam-coated cigarettes, but their impact on health remains undetermined, which is a significant cause for concern.

Oct 1, 2018 · Evidences suggest that it causes potentially malignant disorders (PMD), oral cancer (OC) and decreases sperm count. Qiwam was mentioned in earlier research publications, however details are not...

Sep 28, 2018 · Introduction: Kiwam (qiwam) is a partially fermented tobacco product consumed with betel quid (paan). The major constituents of this product are tobacco, saffron (zaffrani) and some other additives. It contains tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA) which is considered as a cancer causing agent.

<jats:p> Background: Qiwam (Kimam) is a liquid tobacco preparation consumed with paan. It is mostly consumed in southeast Asian region. Evidences sugg ...

Dec 24, 2021 · Elevated moisture-holding products like Moist-snuff and Qiwam harbor rich bacterial species diversity and showed similar bacteriome composition.