The TET enzymes are a family of ten-eleven translocation (TET) methylcytosine dioxygenases. They are instrumental in DNA demethylation. 5-Methylcytosine (see first Figure) is a methylated form of the DNA base cytosine (C) that often regulates gene transcription and has several other functions in the genome. [1]

Aug 11, 2023 · Ten-eleven translocation (TET) family proteins (TETs), specifically, TET1, TET2 and TET3, can modify DNA by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) iteratively to yield 5-hydroxymethylcytosine...

The pattern of DNA methylation at cytosine bases in the genome is tightly linked to gene expression, and DNA methylation abnormalities are often observed in diseases. The ten eleven translocation (TET) enzymes oxidize 5-methylcytosines (5mCs) and promote locus-specific reversal of DNA methylation.

TET proteins play such roles by regulating the expression of key differentiation and fate-determining genes via (1) enzymatic activity-dependent DNA methylation of the promoters and enhancers of target genes; and (2) enzymatic activity-independent regulation of …

Mar 30, 2025 · TET1 (Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with TET1 include Hypoascorbemia and Leukemia. Among its related pathways are Gene expression (Transcription) and Epigenetic regulation by …

Ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (TET1) is a member of the TET family of enzymes, in humans it is encoded by the TET1 gene. Its function, regulation, and utilizable pathways remain a matter of current research while it seems to be involved in DNA demethylation and therefore gene regulation , [ 5 ] [ 6 ] but is expressed as ...

The TET2 gene provides instructions for making a protein whose function is unknown. Based on the function of similar proteins, researchers believe the TET2 protein is involved in regulating the process of transcription, which is the first step in protein production.

The majority of TET mutations affect the TET2 gene, with 2373 unique TET2 mutations reported in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) GRCh37 v96 database . Recurrent TET2 mutations are distributed across the gene, while recurrent mutations in TET1 primarily affect the N terminus, and TET3 mutations cluster at the C terminus.

In this review, we focus on the TET (ten-eleven-translocation) genes, which recently were identified to catalyze the conversion of cytosine-5 methylation to 5-hydroxymethyl-cytosine, an intermediate form potentially involved in demethylation.

Dec 1, 2015 · Our findings shed light on the evolution of TET gene family and the potential functional diversification of amino acid residues that could contribute to the regulation of various developmental processes.