Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous danger molecules that are released from damaged or dying cells and activate the innate immune system by interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs).

Apr 1, 2022 · Manganese Oxide (MnO) nanoparticles reduce the activity of TLR activating PAMPs/DAMPs in COVID endotracheal aspirate (ETA) and serum and prevent DAMP/PAMP-mediated TLR tolerance in monocytes. MnO significantly reduces stimulation of TLRs 3, 4, 7, and 9 by COVID-19 serum in TLR reporter cell assays.

DAMP activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) induces inflammatory gene expression to mediate tissue repair. However, DAMPs have also been implicated in diseases where excessive inflammation plays a key role in pathogenesis, including …

Dec 9, 2020 · After chemotherapy or radiotherapy, tumor-derived DAMPs interact with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that activate immune cells and produce inflammatory cytokines 3. These pro-inflammatory...

Treatment of these COVID-19 patient samples with MnO nanoparticles effectively neutralizes TLR activation by the abundant nucleic acid-containing DAMPs/PAMPs present in their lungs and blood. Finally, MnO nanoscavenger treatment limits the ability of DAMPs/PAMPs to induce TLR tolerance in monocytes.

What brought our attention to this meeting is the recent discovery that TLRs play an important role in the immune response initiated by the DAMPs. The major DAMPs are HMGB1 (high mobility group box protein-1), S100A8 / S100A9, heat-shock proteins, uric acid and DNA.

Apr 9, 2024 · Here, we summarize the routes for endogenous molecules’ conversion to DAMPs and the diverse nature and classification, cellular origin, and sensing of DAMPs. Moreover, we discuss the role of DAMPs in diseases and strategies targeting DAMP-sensing receptors to treat inflammatory diseases.

Sep 25, 2014 · Each TLR is composed of an ectodomain with leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) that mediate PAMPs recognition, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain that initiates downstream signaling.

Manganese Oxide (MnO) nanoparticles reduce the activity of TLR activating PAMPs/DAMPs in COVID endotracheal aspirate (ETA) and serum and prevent DAMP/PAMP-mediated TLR tolerance in monocytes. MnO significantly reduces stimulation of TLRs 3, 4, 7, and 9 by COVID-19 serum in TLR reporter cell assays.

Apr 1, 2018 · Accumulating evidences have shown the TLR expression and spontaneous in situ release of DAMPs in many tumors suggesting their cross talk (Fig. 1). TLR activation by local DAMPs or external TLR ligand enhances tumor cell death and DAMP release.