Plunge is used to describe the tilt of lines, the word dip being reserved for planes. The plunge fully expresses the three-dimensional orientation of a line and has two parts: the plunge direction or trend. Consider the plunging line on the dipping plane to the right and an imaginary vertical plane containing the plunging line.

Plunge, or angle of plunge, is the inclination of the feature measured downward relative to horizontal. Trend is the feature's azimuth, measured in the direction of plunge. A horizontal line would have a plunge of 0°, and a vertical line would have a plunge of 90°.

Plunge is the vertical angle between the horizontal plane and the axis or line of maximum elongation of a feature. Plunge is measured along the axis of a fold, whereas dip is measured along the limbs.

To specify the orientation of a line requires two measurements, called plunge and trend: The plunge of a line is its inclination, measured downward relative to horizontal; The trend of a line is its azimuth, measured in the direction of plunge.

Plunge (inclination) - the vertical angle, measured downward, between the horizontal and a line. Terms for planes: We define the attitude of a plane by the azimuth of its strike, its dip, and its dip direction. Strike - the one horizontal line on an inclined plane.

Trend & Plunge In structural geology, the orientations of linear features are also important. The orientation of lines in space can be described using two distinct angles referred to as the trend and plunge. To measure the trend and plunge of a linear feature, look at it end on: A horizontal line will look like a point.

This report and spreadsheet calculator contain Microsoft Excel-based equations that are useful in structural geology to calculate plunge or apparent dip when measuring lineations on a plane. The spreadsheet allows users to measure the trend or the plunge of a lineation and calculate the corresponding unknown value of trend or plunge.

What is a Plunging Fold? A plunging fold is a fold that is tilted downwards in space, parallel to the fold hinge plane. Figure 26. Plunging anticline (left) and plunging syncline (right). The interactive diagrams are linked below. Interactive SketchUp diagram of a plunging anticline:

Plunge refers to the angle at which a geologic feature, such as a fold or fault, tilts downward from the horizontal plane. Understanding plunge is essential in interpreting the orientation of geological structures, as it helps in visualizing how these features behave beneath the Earth's surface and their relationships to other geological ...

The plunge is the angle made by the linear structure with the horizontal, in the vertical plane parallel to its trend. The rake (or pitch) is the angle between a line lying in a plane with the horizontal strike of the same plane.