A phospholipase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids [1] into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances. There are four major classes, termed A, B, C, and D, which are distinguished by the type of reaction which they catalyze:

Phospholipase … Phospholipases are lipolytic enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipid substrates at specific ester bonds. Phospholipases are widespread in nature and play very diverse roles from aggression in snake venom to signal transduction, lipid mediator production, and metabolite digestion in humans.

May 1, 2023 · Phospholipase A (PLA) comprises a supergroup of esterase enzymes present in all human cells that play a key role in mediating the production of free fatty acids and lysophospholipids from glycerophospholipids.

Phospholipase, a class of enzymes in the body that hydrolyze phospholipids. Based on the cleavage site of the ester linkage in the substrate phospholipids, phospholipases are classified into four major types, phospholipase A(PLA), phospholipase B(PLB), phospholipase C(PLC), and phospholipase D(PLD) [ 60 ].

Phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids and produces 2-acyl-lysophospholipids and fatty acids. This lipolytic activity is conserved in a wide range of organisms but is carried out by a diverse set of PLA1 enzymes.

The phospholipid molecule consists of a glycerol-3-phosphate (blue colour) esterified at its sn-1 and sn-2 positions to nonpolar fatty acids (R 1 and R 2, respectively) and at its phosphoryl group to a polar head group, X. Phospholipase A 1 and phospholipase A 2 cleave the acyl ester bonds at sn-1 and sn-2, respectively. Phospholipase C cleaves ...

Aug 15, 2018 · Phospholipase A 1 (PLA 1), phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2) , and phospholipase B (PLB) constitute the acylhydrolases, whereas the phosphodiesterases are represented by phospholipase C (PLC) and phospholipase D (PLD).

The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) superfamily of phospholipase enzymes hydrolyzes the ester bond at the sn-2 position of the phospholipids, generating a free fatty acid and a lysophospholipid. The PLA2s are amphiphilic in nature and work only at the ...

Phospholipases are widely distributed in nature and carry out many important cellular functions. They are classified into four types: A 1, A 2, C and D. Phospholipase A 1 and A 2 act respectively on the ester bonds that link fatty acids to the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol backbone of phospholipids (Fig. 1). Their action generates ...

The phospholipase has the unique ability to transacylate short chain ceramides. This phospholipase is calcium-independent, localized to lysosomes, and has an acidic pH optimum. The enzyme was purified from bovine brain and found to be a water-soluble glycoprotein consisting of a single peptide chain with a molecular weight of 45 kDa. The ...