The Perioeci or Perioikoi (Περίοικοι, /peˈri.oj.koj/) were the second-tier citizens of the polis of Sparta until c. 200 BC. They lived in several dozen cities within Spartan territories (mostly …

6 days ago · ‘dwellers round about’, were neighbouring people, often constituting groups of subjects or half‐citizens, normally with local self‐government. The best‐known group of …

The segment of Lacedaemonian society that has received the least scholarly attention is the “middle class” – the perioikoi. The lack of modern literature on the perioikoi is undoubtedly due …

The Spartan Perioikoi, or the Lacedaemonians, provided troops for the Spartan army during wartime. Although they did not undergo the same rigorous training the Spartans endured they …

Oct 20, 2017 · Modern historians, like their ancient counterparts, are agreed in defining the perioikoi as the class of men who, when added to the Spartans themselves, formed the …

The perioikoi, or perioeci, were the members of an autonomous group of free but non-citizen inhabitants of Sparta. Concentrated in the beach and highland areas of Laconia, the name …

Jul 28, 2016 · Following recent advances in the study of the perioikoi of Laconia, especially those focusing on their political status and their respective poleis, I offer the first full-length study of …

An in depth analysis of the role that the Perioikoi class in Sparta had. This paper combines archaeological and ancient historical texts to examine what economic tasks the Perioikoi …

An in depth analysis of the role that the Perioikoi class in Sparta had. This paper combines archaeological and ancient historical texts to examine what economic tasks the Perioikoi …

In Laconia, though perioikoi had no political rights at Sparta, only in their own poleis, they were somehow constrained from increasing their situation territorially by aggression.