An oncovirus or oncogenic virus is a virus that can cause cancer. [4] This term originated from studies of acutely transforming retroviruses in the 1950–60s, [5] when the term oncornaviruses was used to denote their RNA virus origin. [6]

Mar 4, 2025 · There are several oncoviruses, or viruses that cause cancer. Epstein-Barr virus is a herpes virus that’s spread through saliva. EBV infection increases the risk of Burkitt lymphoma, some types of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and stomach cancer. There is currently no vaccine for Epstein-Barr virus.

Currently, there are seven recognized human oncoviruses, which include Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV), Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1), Human Herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), and Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV). Available and emerging therapies for these oncoviruses will be mentioned.

The widely accepted human oncoviruses are human papillomaviruses (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (also called human herpesvirus 8), human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1), and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV).

Oncogenic viruses affect pathways that become dysregulated in human cancers. Viral proteins commonly interfere with the cell cycle, target pRB and p53, prevent apoptosis, and interfere with the immune response.

Approximately twelve percent of all human cancers are caused by oncoviruses. Human viral oncogenesis is complex and only a small percentage of the infected individuals develop cancer and often many years to decades after initial infection.

Oncogenic human DNA viruses include hepatitis B viruses, herpesviruses, and papillomaviruses. Their mechanisms of replication and epidemiology are considered in each of the specific chapters describing these viruses.

Aug 24, 2018 · Recent advances have revealed that seven known oncogenic viruses promote tumorigenesis through shared host cell targets and pathways.

Sep 1, 2023 · Oncogenic viruses have different structural morphology and genome and are associated with diverse cancer pathology, but they share some similar oncogenic mechanisms such as 1) Immune evasion strategies by inhibiting cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) associated stimulator of interferon gene (STING), a retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and Toll-...

Nov 29, 2017 · Currently, there are seven recognized human oncoviruses, which include Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV), Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1), Human Herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), and Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV). Available and emerging therapies for …