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    Magma - Wikipedia
    Volcanoes: Nature's Fiery Spectacles
    Volcanoes: Nature's Fiery Spectacles
    Volcanoes are among the most fascinating and awe-inspiring natural phenomena on Earth. They are openings in the crust that allow hot semifluid material, called magma, to rise from the mantle and erupt on the surface.
    How to Melt Rocks
    06:56
    How to Melt Rocks
    YouTubeGeoScience Videos24.5K viewsSep 3, 2020
    Overview

    Magma (from Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma) 'thick unguent') is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed. Magma (sometimes colloquially but incorrectly referred to as lava) … See more

    Physical and chemical properties

    Magma consists of liquid rock that usually contains suspended solid crystals. As magma approaches the surface and the overburden pressure drops, dissolved gases bubble out of the liquid, so that magma ne… See more

    Origins

    The temperature within the interior of the earth is described by the geothermal gradient, which is the rate of temperature change with depth. The geothermal gradient is established by the balance between he… See more

    Evolution of magmas

    Most magmas are fully melted only for small parts of their histories. More typically, they are mixes of melt and crystals, and sometimes also of gas bubbles. Melt, crystals, and bubbles usually have different densities, a… See more

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