Franek Kluski, real name Teofil Modrzejewski (1873-1943), was a Polish physical medium criticized by trained magicians and skeptics as a fraud. Kluski was best known for his séances in which alleged "spirit" molds of hands materialized.

After the gloves dried, the investigators poured plaster into them, and once this hardened, they melted off the thin wax layer. The Paris experiments yielded nine molds—seven of hands (some with fingerprints), one of a foot, and one of a mouth and chin.

The 'Kluski Hands' A unique feature of the Kluski phenomena was the production of plaster moulds of materialized limbs. These were obtained by the ectoplasmic ‘phantom’ submerging a hand, foot or sometimes part of a face into a bowl of warm paraffin wax and letting the resulting mould set (a process which could be accelerated by dipping it ...

One famous aspect of Kluski’s mediumship was the wax molds, mostly of hands, made during his séances. A tub or basin of hot water with paraffin floating on it would be placed in the center of the table.

It was not possible for Kluski or anyone else in the room to have produced these seamless gloves. A human hand could not slide out of the narrow wrists because the necessary movement would damage the very thin layer of wax. In the Warsaw experiments, gloves were pro- duced with interlocking fingers, with two hands clasping one another,

Dec 9, 2021 · In 1920 Kluski conducted seances where a bowl of warm paraffin wax was placed on the table in front of him. In these sessions it is claimed that spirits dipped their materialized hands or other limbs on the wax and then into a bowl of cool water .

Discusses investigations of the authenticity of the wax models of "spirit hands" supposedly materialized during seances conducted by Franek Kluski during the 1920s.

Reviews the history of the phenomenon of paraffin-wax molds supposedly modeled around materialized "spirit hands" during seances. Reports of such phenomena dating from the mid-1800s to the 1920s are detailed, including the incidents involving seances conducted by …

Two possibilities for fraudulent production are examined: wax moulds produced by sleight of hand during the séances, and moulds prepared in advance and surreptitiously smuggled into the laboratory. Both of these appear highly implausible.

In 1919 and again in 1922, a medium named Franek Kluski succeeded in proving “conclusive evidence that spiritual matter exist” through experiments at seances conducted under strict controls. This evidence is what is called Kluski’s moulds of …