Oct 10, 2024 · The thymus (plural: thymi) is a lymphoid organ in the anterior mediastinum responsible for the production and maturation of T-cells until puberty. It is a vital component of the immune system and plays a role in prevention of cancer 12, infection and autoimmunity 11.

The aim of this article is to review the radiological anatomy of the thymus, normal variants, and pathology including hyperplasia and benign/malignant lesions involving the thymus gland in the pediatric age group and propose an algorithmic approach for …

Jan 21, 2025 · In neonates the thymus can be quite large, especially when there is respiratory stress and may present on a chest X-ray with the sail sign (black arrow). The thymic sail sign is a normal finding in infants and should not be confused with the spinnaker-sail sign, where the thymic lobe is laterally and superiorly displaced due to a ...

Axial+coronal CT with contrast of the neck shows the mass to be inferior to the thyroid and contiguous with the thymus. CXR AP and lateral shows a prominent anterior mediastinal mass whose right inferior margin appears triangular and sail-like in appearance.

Dec 27, 2024 · The thymus can be quite large in some children and can be overcalled as abnormal. A wavy lateral margin is a really good and helpful sign to confirm that what you are seeing in the upper mediastinum is normal thymus.

Oct 1, 2020 · In this review, we discuss the embryological development and anatomical variants of normal thymus, and demonstrate the multimodality imaging features of the normal thymus in children, including positron-emission tomography, and diffusion-weighted imaging and in- and opposed-phase imaging on magnetic resonance imaging.

Aug 11, 2016 · On cross-sectional imaging, the infant thymus has a quadrilateral shape with convex margins. As the child ages and the thymus involutes, the margins of the thymus become concave and assume the triangular configuration typically seen in adults.

Clear lungs and both costophrenic angles. A normal thymic gland in a neonate appears as a well-defined homogeneous hypoechoic soft tissue mass in the superior mediastinum, predominantly right-side, with bulk dimensions of 3.2 x 2.4 cm. The thymus is larger in the young pediatric population and regresses with age.

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Mar 2, 2016 · Clinically these premature infants are usually symptomatic within minutes of birth with grunting, retractions, cyanosis and tachypnoea. Chest radiographic findings may be present shortly after birth but occasionally the maximum features …