Aug 7, 2023 · High anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) is a type of metabolic acidosis. Differentiation of acidosis into a particular subtype, whether high anion gap metabolic acidosis or non-anion gap metabolic acidosis aids in the determination …

Jun 29, 2024 · Lactic acidosis has an extensive differential diagnosis which includes dozens of disorders (including every type of shock). Guide to emoji hyperlinks = Link to online calculator.

Nov 3, 2020 · HIGH ANION GAP METABOLIC ACIDOSIS (HAGMA) HAGMA results from accumulation of organic acids or impaired H+ excretion. Causes (LTKR) Lactate; Toxins; Ketones; Renal; Causes (CATMUDPILES) CO, CN; Alcoholic ketoacidosis and starvation ketoacidosis; Toluene; Metformin, Methanol; Uremia; DKA; Pyroglutamic …

Oct 30, 2024 · Renal excretion of acid involves the combination of hydrogen ions with urinary titratable acids, particularly phosphate (HPO 42- + H + → H 2 PO 4-), and ammonia to form ammonium (NH 3 + H + → NH 4+) [1].

Nov 3, 2020 · Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis. U – Ureteric diversion S – Small bowel fistula E – Extra chloride (ED resuscitation) or HCl ingestion D – DKA (resolving) C – Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors A – Addisons (Type 4 RTA) R – Renal tubular acidosis types 1, 2, and 4 P – Pancreatic fistula Increased anion gap metabolic acidosis. M – Methanol (formic acid), metformin

High anion gap metabolic acidosis is a form of metabolic acidosis characterized by a high anion gap (a medical value based on the concentrations of ions in a patient's serum). Metabolic acidosis occurs when the body produces too much acid, or when the kidneys are not removing enough acid from the body.

Aug 13, 2021 · When HAGMA exists, the reciprocal relationship between the amount of increase of [AG] and decrease in [HCO 3 −] (designated as the Δ[AG]/Δ[HCO 3 −] can be a very helpful indicator of certain forms of mixed acid-base disorders.

Aug 13, 2021 · In this installment of AJKD’s Core Curriculum in Nephrology, we discuss cases that represent several very common and several rare causes of HAGMA. These case scenarios highlight how the AG can provide vital clues that direct the clinician toward the correct diagnosis.

When a high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) is not clearly explained by common etiologies and routine confirmatory testing, specialized testing can definitively establish rare diagnoses such as 5-oxoproline, d -lactate accumulation, or diethylene glycol toxicity.

Nov 3, 2020 · Check delta ratio in HAGMA to determine if there is a coexistant NAGMA. osmolar gap can help as a screening test for methanol or ethylene glycol intoxication once alcohol has been excluded (calculated osmolality = 2*Na + Glucose + Urea + ethanol/4.6).