H2A histone family member X (usually abbreviated as H2AX) is a type of histone protein from the H2A family encoded by the H2AFX gene. An important phosphorylated form is γH2AX (S139), which forms when double-strand breaks appear.

Feb 4, 2010 · Phosphorylation of the Ser-139 residue of the histone variant H2AX, forming γH2AX, is an early cellular response to the induction of DNA double-strand breaks. Detection of this...

H2AX is a histone H2A variant that constitutes 2–25% of mammalian histone H2A depending on the organism and cell type (Redon et al. 2002; Rogakou et al. 1998).

Mar 30, 2025 · H2AX (H2A.X Variant Histone) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with H2AX include Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome and Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Among its related pathways are RNA Polymerase I Promoter Opening and Packaging Of Telomere Ends. An important paralog of this gene is H2AC16.

Phosphorylation of H2AX plays a key role in DDR and is required for the assembly of DNA repair proteins at the sites containing damaged chromatin as well as for activation of checkpoints proteins which arrest the cell cycle progression.

Jun 1, 2024 · H2AX is a well-known chromatin modification event in DNA damage response and human malignancies. H2AX phosphorylation (γ-H2AX) is necessary for DNA repair protein assembly at damaged chromatin regions. Detecting double strand breaks with phosphorylated histone H2AX may help in cancer treatment.

When cells are exposed to ionizing radiation or DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents, double-stranded breaks (DSBs) are generated that rapidly result in the phosphorylation of histone H2A variant H2AX.

Feb 6, 2025 · Explore the critical role of γH2AX in DNA damage signaling, repair mechanisms, and its impact on genomic stability and disease. Understanding DNA damage and repair is crucial in cellular biology, cancer research, and therapeutic development.

γH2AX是DNA 损伤尤其是DNA 双链断裂(DNA double-strand breaks,DSB) 或DNA修复的标志物,已经被应用到医学相关领域,如放射性DNA 损伤的检测、癌症的辅助诊断以及预后监测。 此外,γH2AX在检测生殖细胞中的DNA 损伤及修复和维持胚胎干细胞的自我更新中有重要意义。 检测γH2AX水平已成为评价生殖细胞和干细胞质量的重要方法。 本文将从H2AX 及其家族的生物学特征、γH2AX 的检测方法、DNA损伤与修复中的H2AX 磷酸化及其在生殖相关细胞中的应用等角 …

This newly phosphorylated protein, gamma-H2AX, is the first step in recruiting and localizing DNA repair proteins. DSBs can be induced by mechanisms such as ionizing radiation or cytotoxic agents and subsequently, gamma-H2AX foci quickly form.