Trump graduated from Lehigh University. He has worked in real estate, at firms including the First Winthrop Corporation and Cushman & Wakefield.

Trump has written a memoir titled All in the Family: The Trumps and How We Got This Way, which details his experiences with his uncle Donald Trump and the family patriarch, his grandfather Fred Trump Sr. He hopes that the book will influence how people will vote in the 2024 United States presidential election. The book was published on July 30, 2024.

Trump lives with his wife, Lisa Beth Trump (née Lorant), in Connecticut. Together they have three children; Cristopher, Andrea, and William. His youngest child William has the genetic variant KCNQ2 and a seizure disorder, requiring a lifetime of care. Trump claims that Donald Trump instructed him to let his own son die.

While his uncle was President, Trump met with the Trump administration and the President's Committee for People with Intellectual Disabilities.

Despite these connections, Fred has never voted for his uncle, Donald Trump. He voted for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, and Joe Biden in the 2020 U.S. presidential election. He endorsed Kamala Harris for president in 2024 after making allegations against his uncle.