Mar 15, 2021 · Cadmium toxicity causes the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and results in damage to plant membranes and destruction of cell biomolecules and organelles (Abbas et al., 2017). Cadmium also reduces plant uptake of Fe and Zn, resulting in leaf chlorosis (Xu et al., 2017).

Feb 20, 2019 · In this review, we discuss the sources of Cd pollutants, Cd toxicity to plants, and mechanisms of Cd uptake and redistribution in plant tissues. The metal transporters involved in Cd transport within plant tissues are also discussed and how their manipulation can control Cd uptake and/or translocation.

Jun 1, 2021 · Cd is absorbed by plant roots through the apoplastic and symplastic pathways and then translocated to plant shoots via xylem loading, long-distance transport, and phloem redistribution. Simultaneously, plants initiate a series of mechanisms to reduce Cd toxicity, including cell wall adsorption, cytoplasmic chelation, and vacuolar sequestration.

Mar 9, 2022 · Cadmium (Cd) is a major environmental contaminant due to its widespread industrial use. Cd contamination of soil and water is rather classical but has emerged as a recent problem. Cd toxicity causes a range of damages to plants …

Mar 15, 2021 · In this manuscript, we reviewed the sources of Cd contamination to the environment, soil factors affecting the Cd uptake, the dynamics of Cd in the soil rhizosphere, uptake mechanisms, translocation, and toxicity of Cd in plants.

Jan 11, 2024 · Cadmium (Cd+2) renders multifarious environmental stresses and highly toxic to nearly all living organisms including plants. Cd causes toxicity by unnecessary augmentation of ROS that targets essential molecules and fundamental processes in plants.

May 24, 2024 · Cadmium (Cd) exerts a toxic influence on numerous crucial growth and development processes in plants, notably affecting seed germination rate, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, and biomass.

This article reviews the published data on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cadmium uptake by plants, its metabolic transformations, effects on nutrient status of plants, modulation of cadmium response by polyamines and amino acids, and the growth of plants. Strategies to reduce cadmium uptake and accumulation are also discussed.

Nov 5, 2020 · This review discusses the deleterious effects of Cd in plants and the tolerance and resistance mechanisms that evolved to help mitigate cadmium toxicity. Cadmium reduces seed germination, early seedling growth, and plant biomass.

Cadmium exposure interferes with all stages of plant development, inhibiting seed germination, vegetative growth and reproductive growth. Important players in the Cd-induced disturbance of root and leaf growth are DNA damage, which subsequently affects cell cycle progression or even causes cell death, and structural alterations of the cell wall.