Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4, (CTLA-4) also known as CD152 (cluster of differentiation 152), is a protein receptor that functions as an immune checkpoint and downregulates immune responses.

In this review, we summarize the current understanding of CTLA-4 biology and molecular signaling events and discuss strategies to target CTLA-4 signaling for immune modulation and disease therapy. Keywords: cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), immunotherapy, signaling motif, T cell, Treg cell.

The fact that CTLA-4 blockade enables immune responses to cancers and healthy self-tissues indicates that significant recognition of self-antigens exists within our immune repertoire. This is supported by data from heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the CTLA-4 gene.

In cancer, therapeutic approaches targeting CTLA-4 by humanized blocking antibodies has been demonstrated to be an effective immunotherapy by reversing T-cell tolerance against tumors. This chapter introduces CTLA-4 biology, including its discovery and mechanism of action, and discusses questions related to CTLA-4.

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is an inhibitory receptor belonging to the CD28 immunoglobulin subfamily, expressed primarily by T-cells. Its ligands, CD80 and CD86, are typically found on the surface of antigen-presenting cells …

A protein found on T cells (a type of immune cell) that helps keep the body’s immune responses in check. When CTLA-4 is bound to another protein called B7, it helps keep T cells from killing other cells, including cancer cells.

Mar 28, 2025 · CTLA4 (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CTLA4 include Immune Dysregulation With Autoimmunity, Immunodeficiency, And Lymphoproliferation and Celiac Disease 3. Among its related pathways are Gene expression (Transcription) and CD28 co-stimulation.

Jul 1, 2002 · We summarize here recent findings that suggest a previously unrecognized role for CTLA-4 in the regulation of T cell responses. We also describe preclinical and clinical results that indicate...

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen -4 (CTLA-4) is a co-inhibitory receptor that restricts T cell activation. CTLA-4 exists as membrane (mCTLA-4) and soluble (sCTLA-4) forms, but the key producers, kinetics, and functions of sCTLA-4 are unclear. Here, we investigated the roles of sCTLA-4 in im …

Mar 1, 2020 · We present recent advances in CTLA-4 in regulating T-cell tolerance and autoimmunity. The structure and expression of CTLA-4, its mediated signaling and role in autoimmunity reviewed. Modulation of CTLA-4 function is a promising strategy for immunotherapy of autoimmune diseases.