CD59 glycoprotein, also known as MAC-inhibitory protein (MAC-IP), membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (MIRL), or protectin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD59 gene. [5] It is an LU domain and belongs to the LY6/uPAR/alpha-neurotoxin protein family. [6] CD59 attaches to host cells via a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor.

Mar 28, 2025 · CD59 (CD59 Molecule (CD59 Blood Group)) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CD59 include Hemolytic Anemia, Cd59-Mediated, With Or Without Immune-Mediated Polyneuropathy and Primary Cd59 Deficiency. Among its related pathways are Transport to the Golgi and subsequent modification and Complement cascade.

Jun 1, 2023 · CD59 regulates immune system and protects cells from complement system. CD59 deficiency is associated with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). CD59 is implicated in cancer, autoimmune disorders, and diabetes mellitus. CD59 has potential as a …

Feb 16, 2023 · CD59 is an abundant immuno-regulatory receptor that protects human cells from damage during complement activation. Here we show how the receptor binds complement proteins C8 and C9 at the...

Jan 3, 2013 · CD59 deficiency is a common finding in RBCs and WBCs in patients with chronic hemolysis suffering from paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in which the acquired mutation in the PIGA gene leads to membrane loss of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane proteins, including CD59.

CD59, also known membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (MIRL), or protectin, is encoded by the CD59 gene. It is attached to cells via a Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. CD59 can prevent C9 from polymerizing and forming the complement membrane attack complex.

CD59 has been identified as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein that acts as an inhibitor of the formation of the membrane attack complex to regulate complement activation. Recent studies have shown that CD59 is highly expressed in several cancer cell lines and tumor tissues.

In this review, we describe the structure and biological activities of CD59, the pathogenic role of MAC formation, and discuss application of soluble molecules of CD59 for therapeutic use. CD59 regulates complement activation cascade at the final step, inhibiting formation of membrane attack complex (MAC).

The major function of CD59 is to protect cells from complement attack. CD59 binds to complement components CS and C9 and prevents the polymerization of C9, which is required for the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC). Other functions of CD59 in cellular immunity are less well defined.

CD59 is a 77-amino acid membrane glycoprotein that plays an important role in regulating the terminal pathway of complement by inhibiting formation of the cytolytic membrane attack complex (MAC or C5b-9).