Patients with acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding commonly present with hematemesis (vomiting of blood or coffee-ground-like material) and/or melena (black, tarry stools), though patients with large-volume upper GI bleeding may also present with hematochezia (red or maroon blood with stool).

Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding (arising proximal to the ligament of Treitz in the distal duodenum) commonly presents with hematemesis (vomiting of red blood or coffee ground-like material) and/or melena (black, tarry stools).

Impaired platelet function is one of the main determinants of abnormal bleeding in patients with a low glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Although often referred to as "uremic bleeding," bleeding in this setting generally occurs in patients who do not have clinical symptoms or signs of uremia.

Jun 11, 2024 · INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION. Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), is a common clinical problem [].The 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for Acute Kidney Injury defined AKI as one or more of three criteria [].The first two were a rise in serum creatinine of at least 0.3 mg/dL (26.5 micromol/L) over a 48-hour ...

- Collecting tubule transport - Potassium adaptation - Steady state response to K load - Acidosis and K distribution - Glucose and B blocker on K load - Glucose induced hyperkalemia - Beta blocker and potassium load RELATED TOPICS. Accidental hypothermia in adults: Clinical manifestations and evaluation; Acid-base and electrolyte abnormalities with diarrhea

Feb 19, 2025 · Patients with acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding commonly present with hematemesis (vomiting of blood or coffee-ground-like material) and/or melena (black, tarry stools), though patients with large-volume upper GI bleeding may also present with hematochezia (red or maroon blood with stool).

Jun 11, 2024 · INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION. Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), is a common clinical problem [].The 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for Acute Kidney Injury defined AKI as one or more of three criteria [].The first two were a rise in serum creatinine of at least 0.3 mg/dL (26.5 micromol/L) over a 48-hour ...

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Aug 9, 2024 · Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common medical condition that results in substantial morbidity, mortality, and medical care cost. It commonly presents with hematemesis (vomiting of blood or coffee ground-like material) and/or melena (black, tarry stools).

Jan 14, 2025 · Acute lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding refers to blood loss of recent onset originating from the colon. The causes of acute lower GI bleeding may be grouped into several categories: anatomic (diverticulosis), vascular (angiodysplasia, ischemic, radiation-induced), inflammatory (infectious, inflammatory bowel disease), and neoplastic.