Axis inhibition protein (Axin) is a core component of the β-catenin destruction complex, in which it acts as the scaffolding protein using its discrete domains to interact with β-catenin, CK1, GSK3, and Dvl.

Apr 4, 2023 · Axin could affect the assembly and dissociation of the β-catenin destruction complex. It can be regulated by phosphorylation, poly-ADP-ribosylation, and ubiquitination. The E3 ubiquitin ligase SIAH1 participates in the Wnt pathway by …

Sep 18, 2019 · Our study reveals a mechanism for regulating signaling pathways via the polymerization status of scaffold proteins and suggests a strategy for targeted colorectal cancer therapy.

Here, we examine the role of different Axin domains in the effects on axis formation and β-catenin levels. We find that the regulators of G-protein signaling domain (major APC-binding site) and GSK3β-binding site are required, whereas the COOH-terminal sequences, including a protein phosphatase 2A binding site and the DIX domain, are not essential.

One such protein, Axin, represents a major evolutionarily conserved scaffold protein in metazoans that participates in the WNT pathway and other pathways to regulate diverse cellular processes.

Axin accelerates the b-catenin reaction by preventing competition with alternative substrates. At high competitor concentrations, Axin produces >10-fold rate effects.

Nov 1, 1999 · Axin may be a scaffold protein, in that it binds to several signalling molecules to create a multi-enzyme complex. In the Axin complex, the phosphorylation of β-catenin, APC, and Axin is regulated by GSK-3β and PP2A.

Nov 25, 2024 · Schmidt et al. performed quantitative analysis of cellular AXIN protein levels in human colorectal cancer cells and revealed that AXIN2 plays a non-redundant role in regulating the total AXIN pool and Wnt/β-catenin signalling activity.

Apr 1, 2021 · Summary: Axin function is required in the early sea urchin embryo to regulate nuclear β-catenin levels and prevent ectopic cell fates in multipotent early blastomeres, and to ensure correct anterior-posterior axis patterning.

Axin was originally identified as the product of the mouse gene called “fused” or fu (renamed Axin), and has since been shown to play a crucial role in controlling axis formation during embryonic development. Axin overexpression in frog embryos inhibits dorsal axis formation.