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Treatment - Asthma
Asthma can be managed with medications. Medications vary depending on the severity of symptoms. The medications are administered through inhalers or nebulizers. The medication through tablets helps manage the condition.
Medication
Inhaled short-acting beta-2-agonists: Quick relief inhalators reduces the symptoms like shortness of breath. Usually prescribed for quick relief of symptoms.
Albuterol . Terbutaline
Inhaled steroids: Help in reducing the airway inflammation. Usually given for severe symptoms.
Fluticasone . Budesonide
Inhaled long-acting beta-2-agonists: Help in dilation of airways. Usually prescribed for chronic condition.
Formoterol . Salmeterol
Leukotriene-modifying agents: Help in both dilation of airways and reducing inflammation. For managing symptoms.
Zafirlukast . Zileuton
Xanthines: Help in dilation of airways. Usually prescribed if sudden shortness of breath occurs.
Theophylline
Beta-2-agonist tablets: Help in dilation of airways.
Levalbuterol . Metaproterenol
IL-4 antagonist: Reduces inflammation of airways. Usually given in moderate to severe cases.
Reslizumab
Steroid tablets: Help in reducing the airway inflammation. Usually given in severe uncontrolled cases.
Prednisone . Beclomethasone dipropionate
IL-5 antagonist: Reduces inflammation of airways. Usually given in severe uncontrolled cases.
Mepolizumab
IL-5 receptor antagonist: Reduces inflammation of airways. Usually given in severe uncontrolled cases.
Benralizumab
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Selfcare
Always talk to your provider before starting anything.
Try to keep your body warm.
Avoid smoking and indirect smoking.
Avoid strong perfume or freshners in bedroom.
Exposure to sunlight for a few minutes might help.
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Procedure
Bronchial thermoplasty: Reduces the bulk of smooth muscles and thereby dilating the airways. Performed in people with severe asthma. Usually done when the long term medications and inhalations doesn't help reduce the symptoms.
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How can I prevent an asthma attack?
Research has not shown that home remedies can stop an asthma attack, but breathing exercises, eucalyptus oil, or ginger may offer some benefits. Avoiding exposure to known triggers and maintaining a moderate weight may help prevent asthma attacks. Eating a nutritious diet, such as the Mediterranean diet, also may reduce the risk.
medicalnewstoday.com
Specialist
Allergist : Specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic disorders.
Pulmonologist : Specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions that affect the respiratory system.
Respiratory therapist : Specializes in diagnosing, assessing, monitoring, and treating patients suffering from dysfunctions of the cardiopulmonary system.
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Watch video
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How to Treat an Asthma Attack - First Aid Training - St John Ambulance
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Diagnosis
One or more of these tests may be recommended by your medical provider.
A careful and detailed history as well as a clinical examination helps in diagnosis of asthma. The doctor may conduct some tests to confirm the diagnosis and to exclude other lung conditions.
Common tests & procedures
Peak flow rate: Peak flow assesses airway obstruction by measuring the air out of lungs while breathing. The air flow will be lower in asthmatic patients.
Spirometry: This test is done to confirm the presence of airway obstruction. This estimates the functioning of the lungs by measuring the air inhaled and the air exhaled and how fast the air is exhaled.
Allergy blood test: This is done to identify triggers. The allergens, allergy causing substances could be pets, pollen, dust or chemical fumes. If allergy triggers are identified, allergy shots may be recommended.
Methacholine challenge test: Methacholine is known to trigger asthma. This test is conducted when spirometry results are normal.
Sputum eosinophils: The count of eosinophils, a type of white blood cells, found in the sputum (mixture of mucus and saliva), helps in the diagnosis.
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Source: Focus Medica. For informational purposes only. Consult a medical professional for advice.