In the field of molecular biology, apolipoprotein C is a family of four low molecular weight apolipoproteins, designated as C-I, C-II, C-III, and C-IV. These are surface components of chylomicrons , VLDL , and HDL .

Apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) has received remarkable attention as a key regulator of TG metabolism. ApoC-III resides on the surface of TRLs, which include very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), chylomicrons (CMs), and their remnants, as well as high-density lipoproteins (HDL).

Apolipoproteins C (apoCs) are small polypeptides with molecular weights ranging from 6000 to 9000 d [1]. They mainly circulate in blood as components of chylomicrons, very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs), and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and participate in the metabolism of these lipoprotein particles [1] .

Oct 1, 2023 · ApoC (Apolipoprotein C): ApoC apoproteins (e.g., ApoC-I, ApoC-II, ApoC-III) are found on the surface of chylomicrons and VLDL particles. They play roles in enzyme activation and lipoprotein metabolism.

Apolipoproteins are proteins that bind lipids (oil-soluble substances such as fats, cholesterol and fat soluble vitamins) to form lipoproteins. They transport lipids in blood, cerebrospinal fluid and lymph. The lipid components of lipoproteins are insoluble in water.

Jan 14, 2024 · Apolipoproteins have four major functions including 1) serving a structural role, 2) acting as ligands for lipoprotein receptors, 3) guiding the formation of lipoproteins, and 4) serving as activators or inhibitors of enzymes involved in the metabolism of lipoproteins.

Apolipoprotein C-II (Apo-CII, or Apoc-II), or apolipoprotein C2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is secreted in plasma, where it is a component of very low density lipoproteins and chylomicrons.

Of the four APOCs, APOC3 has been best studied in relation to diabetes. Elevated serum APOC3 levels predict incident cardiovascular disease and progression of kidney disease in people with type 1 diabetes. Insulin suppresses APOC3 levels, and accordingly, elevated APOC3 levels associate with insulin deficiency and insulin resistance.

To describe the roles of apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) and apoE in VLDL and LDL metabolism. ApoC-III can block clearance from the circulation of apolipoprotein B (apoB) lipoproteins, whereas apoE mediates their clearance.

Apo C-II is a co-factor for lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which hydrolyzes TG in TG-rich lipoproteins to fatty acids that are taken up by cells and the conversion of chylomicrons to chylomicron remnants and VLDL into IDL.