Aira Caldera is a gigantic volcanic caldera located on the southern end of Kyushu, Japan. It is believed to have been formed about 30,000 years ago with a succession of pyroclastic surges. [1][2] It is currently the place of residence to over 900,000 people.

May 22, 2013 · Aira caldera, located in the northern half of Kagoshima Bay, contains the active post-caldera Sakurajima volcano near the southern tip of Japan’s Kyushu Island. Eruptions date back to the 8th century and have deposited ash on Kagoshima, one of Kyushu’s largest cities, 10 km W from the summit.

4 days ago · Sakurajima's present day volcano is a new volcanic cone inside the 17 x 23 km wide Aira caldera forming the northern half of Kagoshima Bay. The caldera formed around 22,000 years ago during a Plinian eruption that produced large pyroclastic flows.

Aira caldera is located in the northern half of Kagoshima Bay and contains the active post-caldera Sakurajima volcano near the southern tip of Japan’s Kyushu Island.

Sep 29, 2021 · Substantial magma chamber decompression during the early plinian stage of the eruption of Aira volcano, Japan, 30,000 years ago caused intense ground deformation and caldera collapse, according...

Dec 18, 2024 · In this paper, we describe the results of the application of the new paleomagnetic method to the 30 ka Aira caldera-forming eruption in Kyushu, Japan, which was the largest eruption in Japan during late Pleistocene.

Oct 18, 2023 · In the southern part of the island, there are four large calderas along a nearly straight chain almost parallel to the Nankai Trough: the Kakuto, the Aira, the Ata and the Kikai calderas (Aramaki 1984). Among these calderas, the most active caldera is the Aira distributed in the Kagoshima graben.

The volcano’s walls collapsed into the emptied inner chamber, and the vast Aira Caldera, 22 kilometers across and 200 meters deep, was formed. Sea water then flowed into this volcanic crater caldera, creating Kinkowan Bay—the local name for Kagoshima Bay.

Jan 5, 2025 · Like many other Japanese Quaternary calderas, the Aira caldera is considered to have formed not by a piston cylinder-type subsidence utilizing a ring fracture but by coring and high-angle slumping of the wall rocks into a funnel-shaped central vent.

About 22,000 years ago a series of large-scale pyroclastic eruptions produced the Aira caldera 20 km×20 km wide at the northern end of Kagoshima Bay in southern Kyushu.