In a dark coincidence, the researchers point to California's current catastrophe as a timely example of their recently published findings. "In that publication, fairly incredibly, we use the example ...

while the commercial heavy-lift option would range from $5.8 billion to $7.1 billion. ESA’s cargo-ferrying orbiter could launch from Earth in 2030, followed in 2031 by NASA’s sample-snatching ...

a sample container, and a rocket to launch the samples off the surface of Mars and back into space. The cost range for this approach extends from $5.1 billion to $7.1 billion. JPL will have a "key ...

Option one would use the same "sky crane" landing system proven with NASA's Curiosity and Perseverance Mars rovers, a smaller sample collection spacecraft, a smaller rocket to boost the samples ...

The goal of the Mars Sample Return Program ... vehicle option carries an estimated cost of between $5.8 billion and $7.1 billion. Both options would likely return the samples to Earth between ...