A Venturi effect can occur from the left to right shunt causing the aortic valve leaflet to prolapse into the VSD resulting in significant aortic valve regurgitation. Muscular VSDs occur in the ...

Young people with a hole in the heart can be prone to catching chest infections and can struggle with breathlessness — ...

A RBBB causes a delay in the closure of the pulmonic valve, and thus a delay in P2, without any effect on A2. In severe MR or in the setting of a VSD, the A2 occurs early. In mitral regurgitation ...

A cardiologist would describe the signs and symptoms of a hole in the heart — medically referred to as an atrial septal ...