He said that this finding highlights how PD-1 and CD73 act synergistically to dampen immune responses to self-antigens—maintaining tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. "The collaboration ...

HIF-1α, trefoil factor 1 (TFF1), ecto-5-prime nucleotidase (CD73), and multi drug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) mRNA and HIF-1α protein expression were determined by real-time PCR and Western blot ...