Through laboratory techniques that track quantities of mRNA, scientists can identify which genes are “turned on” and which are “turned off” in an organism’s tissue at a given time ...

An organism’s genome — or the full set of information encoded in the organism’s DNA — may include over 20,000 distinct genes. Until recently, scientists could analyze genes with a variety ...

Among the major classes of RNAs in the cell, tRNAs remain the most difficult to characterize via deep sequencing approaches, as tRNA structure and nucleotide modifications can each interfere with cDNA ...

the mRNA from the abnormal cells is dyed red.) The DNA copy that is made, called complementary DNA (cDNA), is then applied to the microarray. The cDNA binds to complementary base pairs in each of ...

How does a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine work? COVID vaccines are now available. Some of the COVID-19 vaccines are mRNA vaccines, but what does this mean? mRNA vaccines are different from traditional ...

Get Instant Summarized Text (Gist) A novel class of zwitterionic phospholipids, specifically DOPE-Cx, significantly enhances mRNA delivery by facilitating endosomal escape, a major challenge in ...

View Full Profile. Learn about our Editorial Policies. The researchers first tested how their OspA mRNA vaccine affected cells of the adaptive immune system by isolating immune cells from mice ...

Researchers have discovered that mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines have a persistent effect on the innate immune system. These mechanisms may help the human body to better protect itself against ...