Everyone knows names like Alfred Blalock and Christiaan Barnard—surgeons credited with pioneering life-saving heart procedures. But few know the vital roles played by Vivien Thomas, a Black lab ...

Believing that we didn't have much to lose, that we were young and hopefully had many years ahead, we made the decision to move to Baltimore and to Johns Hopkins," — Vivien Thomas. Maryland ...

Vivien Thomas followed in the footsteps of other African Americans who made advances in medicine and helped to improve people's lives. Explore the profiles of six pioneers who held themselves to a ...