Short-term and long-term harm, though unintentional, often accompany life-saving treatment in the NICU. [1] Consider again the example of the infant with PPHN who is placed on ECMO treatment.

[1] A 40-week infant with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) and Group B streptococcus pneumonia is on maximum ventilator settings with acidemia. The clinicians offer the ...