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In the past, the topic marker, WA, was pronounced as HA, and was spelled as HA. Its pronunciation has gradually changed to WA, but the spelling remains as HA. The same can be said about WA in ...

About other ways of making TE-form verbs, we'll explain in the next lesson. TE-form verbs may be the first hurdle in learning Japanese. Let's do our best to clear this hurdle.

We call the verbs that end with MASU "the MASU-form of verbs." We use the MASU-form, when we speak politely. To make it a negative, we change MASU to MASEN. So, YOMIMASU (to read) becomes ...

You learned the patterns of these conjugations of syllables before MASU with songs in Lesson 12. Please review that. "Group 2" is the verbs that have the vowel E in the syllables before MASU.

In Lesson 13, we learned that Japanese adjectives have two kinds, I-adjectives and NA-adjectives. I-adjectives end with syllable I, like ATARASHII (new). NA-adjectives take NA before nouns they ...

As I explained in Lesson 7, these words are the remnants of the ancient ways of counting numbers in Japan. For the 11th day to the end of a month, we say the corresponding numbers and add NICHI, ...

You might remember that we also learned the potential form of verbs, expressing that "you can do something" in Lesson 35. The potential form of IKIMASU (to go) is IKEMASU (can go). It basically ...

In Lesson 7, Anna was surprised at seeing many cakes at the store, and said KÊKI GA IPPAI ARIMASU (There are lots of cakes). As in this case, if the subject is an inanimate thing, we use ARIMASU.