Valentine's Cave, located in the Lava Beds National Monument in California, has been studied for decades by NASA researchers as an analog to caves found on the moon and Mars. Those studies have ...

The formation of these pits is likely linked to volcanic activity on Mars. Lava channels underground, formed during volcanic eruptions, may have left behind empty tubes that eventually collapsed ...

Today, Mars is a chilly desert of rock and dust ... They don't look like lava flows. That's when we started thinking about oceans," Michael Manga, a University of California, Berkeley, professor ...

Exploration of Mars has revealed the presence of large outflow channels which have been interpreted as the products of catastrophic flood events during which a large quantity of water was released ...