ATP-dependent RNA ligases join 3’-OH and 5’-PO 4 RNA termini via three nucleotidyl transfer steps similar to those of DNA ligases: (Step 1) ligase reacts with ATP to form a covalent ...

However, current methods like DNA ligase-linked hydrogels present many challenges, including potential allergic reactions and complex administration procedures that limit clinical applications.

The diversity of cellular functions of ubiquitination is reflected in the existence of over 600 human E3 ligase genes, representing approximately 3% of the human genome. Mapping the human E3 ...

The DNA repair and replication pathways converge on a common final step in which the continuity of the repaired DNA strand is restored by DNA ligase, an enzyme that converts nicks into phosphodiester ...

Ubiquitin is a small, covalent modifier that forms a poly-ubiquitin chain on protein, which becomes a degradation signal attacked by the 26S proteasome 11,12,13. The poly-ubiquitin chain is ...