Some heavy periodic elements may be created almost exclusively by such cosmic crashes. Europium, one of the least-common elements in the universe, is a candidate and is used in TVs, lasers ...

Europium metal is now known to be highly reactive; the element's most stable oxidation state is +3, but the +2 state also occurs in solid-state compounds and water.

Born in the research lab of Prof. Victor Mougel at ETH Zurich, the patented technology developed during Marie’s PhD will initially focuse on recycling europium and yttrium from spent energy-saving ...