Do espalier trees need full sun? It depends on tree variety however light reflected back from a white wall can also give ...

The term espalier refers to the way fruit trees are trained to grow against a wall. It makes the tree easier to prune and the fruit easier to pick. This decorative method was often used ...

Originally the term described to the trellis, wall, or support itself (hence the shoulder reference), but now espalier is used to mean to the gardening technique in general. Wildly decorative ...