During the S (DNA-replication) phase of the cell cycle ... transcription of genes governed by the cyclin D–Cdk4/6→Rb→E2F pathway (Fig. 2). These findings are important because they provide ...

p53 normally functions to gauge DNA damage, halt cell-cycle, and activate the apoptotic pathway. The E7 viral oncoprotein has been shown to bind to retinoblastoma protein (Rb), releasing E2F from ...

In the p53 pathway, signals such as DNA damage induce the ARF (also known ... One downstream consequence of RB activity is the inhibition of E2F activity, which is important for the transcription ...