Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide. It disrupts the normal rhythm of the heart, causing ...

Background Iron deficiency (ID) is common in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF), but its prognostic implications and optimal diagnostic criteria, particularly in those with and without ...

The term “chronic atrial fibrillation” and the abbreviation “PAF” should be avoided. The term “lone atrial fibrillation” is used when AF occurs in the absence of structural heart disease.

Cardiovascular diseases, including stroke and atrial fibrillation ... chronic inflammation. This inflammation can then contribute to artery hardening and increase the risk of stroke and heart ...