Whatever the case, one thing was clear: Mr. Trump is not giving up on his obsession with Canada, and the new government that emerges from Monday’s vote will need to deal with a leader intent on both hurting Canada’s economy with tariffs, and coveting its vast resources.

In their backgrounds and political styles, Canadian election front-runners Mark Carney and Pierre Poilievre are a study in contrasts.

Fair Vote Canada hopes to change Canada’s first-past-the-post voting system that allows a party to win a majority of seats with less than 40 per cent of the popular vote.